Aiming at the problems of the residual oil burner taking place during debugging in a power plant,such as combustion flameout,unsteady combustion and so on,the author analyzed the main causes according to the related combustion theories,and proposed the feasible reform plan,including the installation of steam swirl plate,the optimization of operation mode and the improvement of air distribution. The result shows that the main reasons for residual oil burner flameout are ineffective atomization of oil gun and flame front. After the reform of boiler oil heating system,the steady combustion of the boiler is guaranteed with optimized operation mode of oil system,improved air distribution,and increased temperature of oil and furnace without flameout.